Therefore, 3,5ditertbutyl1,2 benzenediol is likely an degradation intermediate of 2,4ditertbutyl phenol metabolism. Biodegradation of phenol and sodium salicylate mixtures by. Twostep modeling of the biodegradation of phenol by an. Published by the world health organization for the international. Only one case of phenol degradation at a higher concentration of 1600mg l 1 was described up to date. Sustainable biodegradation of phenol by duckweed p23. Biodegradation kinetics of benzene, toluene, and phenol as. Biodegradation of phenol using pure and mixed culture bacteria. Intimate coupling of photocatalysis and biodegradation for. Biodegradation of phenol and catechol in cloud water. The initial concentration of the cells, adapted with either phenol or sa, was maintained at 0. Such a comparison has not been performed yet for phenolic compounds in the aqueous phase due to. The initial concentration of each phenol was 400 mg ml.
Phenol is a manmade as well as a naturally occurring aromatic compound and an important intermediate in the biodegradation of natural and industrial aromatic compounds. The monod model was also used to characterize phenol biodegradation by p. Biodegradation of phenols by microalgae springerlink. The highest specific growth and degradation rate were achieved at 100 mgl phenol. To determine the various parameters of a kinetic model, combinations of rearranged equations have been evaluated using inverse polynomial techniques for parameter estimation.
Inhibitory effect of phenol on wastewater ammonification. On the other hand, the capacity of halophilic archaea to degrade some other organic substrates phydroxybenzoic acid, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and. Enzyme and microbial technology 39 2006 10361041 biodegradation of high amounts of phenol, catechol, 2,4dichlorophenol and 2,6dimethoxyphenol by aspergillus awamori cells ivanka stoilovaa, albert krastanova. Subbarao2 1department of civil engineering, mvgr college of engineering, chintalavalasa, vizianagaram535002, andhra pradesh, india. Biodegradation of phenol by predominantly pseudomonas species isolated from a sewage wastewater treatment plant was investigated in batch shake flasks. The biodegradation of single phenol and sodium salicylate sa and their binary mixtures in water by free pseudomonas putida p. Biodegradation of phenol by free and immobilized cells of a novel pseudomonas sp. We examined the intimate coupling of visiblelightinduced photocatalysis and biodegradation vpcb for the first time. In the concentration ranges tested, toluene and benzene biodegradation kinetics were well described by the monod model. Intimate coupling of photocatalysis and biodegradation icpb technology is attractive for phenolic wastewater treatment, but has only been investigated using uv light called upcb.
The first steps include oxygenation of phenol by phenol hydroxylase enzymes to form catechol, followed by ring cleavage adjacent to or in between the two hydroxyl groups of catechol. Phenol biodegradation free by and immobilized cells of aspergillus niger. In general, phenol can be transformed both under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Biotechnology has been very effective in dealing with major environmental challenges through utilizing different types of bacteria. The assays were performed to determine the effect of light on degradation, in media with 119. Isolation and characterization of phenol degrading yeasts from. Skin exposure to high amounts can produce skin burns, liver damage, dark urine. Biodegradation of phenol by a novel diatom bd1iitg. It is a white crystalline solid with molecular weight of 94. Whiterot fungi demonstrate first biodegradation of phenolic resin adam c. Among these, phenols are considered to be pollutants. Phenol commonly known as carbolic acid gardner et al.
Ammonium nitrate is the best nitrogen source for p. Whereas many microorganisms that are capable of aerobic phenol degradation have been isolated, only a few phenol degrading anaerobic organisms have been described to date. Biodegradation of phenol with wastewater as a cosubstrate in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket article pdf available in journal of environmental engineering 211 november 2006 with 105 reads. Biodegradation of phenol by bacteria strain acinetobacter. Biodegradation of phenol by using free and immobilized.
Pdf biodegradation kinetics of phenol by predominantly. Hplc analysis showed the diatom could degrade phenol in the concentration range of 50250 mgl in fogs media. Biodegradation of phenol using pure and mixed culture bacteria vr sankar cheela1, g. Page 2 certificate this is to certify that the thesis on biodegradation of phenol by bacterial strain isolated from paper sludge is submitted by manju lata 109ch0508 to national institute of.
The och1 was able to grow and degrade phenol at concentrations of 250 mgl to 1500 mgl. The phenol degradation efficiency was high at up to 96% within 30 h, with an initial concentration of 800 mgl phenol, and the immobilized cells showed better performance than the suspended cells. Removal % of phenols by t 76 scenedesmus quadricauda after 5 or 10 days of exposure. In this study, the phenoldegrading yeast from environmental samples. Many aerobic phenoldegrading microorganisms have been isolated and the pathways for the aerobic degradation of phenol are now firmly established.
Phenol is a basic structural unit for a variety of synthetic organic compounds fig. Phenol with a lower concentration of 100 mgl was degraded in 10 h and a highest of 800 mgl. Although the biodegradation of phenol by halophilic and halotolerant bacteria has been well demonstrated, the information on phenol biodegradation by halophilic archaea has not been recorded yet. Two green microalgae, ankistrodesmus braunii and scenedesmus quadricauda, degraded phenols each tested at 400 mg ml. Phenol biodegradation in batch systems using cupriavidus taiwanesis 187 has been experimentally studied. While there was no growth of phenol degrading bacteria when the initial phenol concentration was higher than 2000 mgl. For phenol determination, the folinciocalteau phenol reagent was used, involving the successive addition of 1ml sodium carbonate 200mgl and 0. Phenol and its derivatives are hazardous pollutants that are highly toxic even at low concentrations. Phenolic compounds are hazardous pollutants that are toxic to the natural ecosystem at very. Phenol is used as a disinfectant and is found in a number of consumer products. The present investigation was under taken to assess the biodegradation of phenol by native bacterial strain from effluent from phenol contaminated site of amla khadi, ankleshwar.
Biodegradation interaction between phenol and dbp by the strain dp2. Following absorption, phenol is rapidly distributed. In this study, an acinetobacter radioresistens strain, aph1, was isolated and identified for its efficient capability of. A phenol degrading novel diatom bd1iitg was isolated from petroleum refinery wastewater and characterized genbank accession no. Biodegradation of phenol adsorbed on soil in the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ywetta maleterova institute of chemical process fundamentals of the cas, v. Biodegradation of phenols and cyanides using membranes. Residual phenol waste in water and soil significantly endangers human health and the natural environment. Biodegradation of phenol and phenolic derivatives by a. Tiwari3 1department of biological and environmental science, n. For the aerobic degradation of phenol, the first step is usually the conversion of phenol to catechol under the catalysis of phenol hy droxylase ho nair et al. Up to 61% of don biodegradation in the moorhead wastewater samples was inhibited at the initial phenol concentrations of 500 and mgl.
Reusability tests revealed that the immobilized cells were stable enough even after reuse for ten times or storing at. Removal and biodegradation of phenol by the freshwater. The concentration of phenols in wastewater may vary from 10 to. It concerned a strain of alcaligenes faecalis and was reported by 7. This study investigated the kinetics of phenol and 4chlorophenol 4cp biodegradation by a coldadapted bacteria, pseudomonas putida ly1, isolated from songhua river sediment. Phenol biodegradation by an acclimated activated sludge was investigated in batch cultures with variable initial conditions of substrate and biomass 0.
Phenol biodegradation by bacterial strain och1 isolated. Biodegradation of phenol by a bacterial strain isolated. Chemical identity, physical and chemical properties of phenol phenol, c 6 h 5 oh or hydroxybenzene, is an aromatic molecule containing hydroxyl group attached to the benzene ring structure. The strain could grow on phenol up to a concentration of 1700 mgl. Sridevi the environment, as a consequence of industrial and. Single substrate experiments were performed in the substrate level range 0. Phenol biodegradation by halophilic archaea pdf free. The origin of phenol in the environment is from natu ral, manmade and endogenous sources. Phenol biodegradation by acinetobacter radioresistens aph1. Different levels of phenol inhibition on c and n mineralization could result from different susceptibility degrees of key enzymes involved in c and n mineralization on phenol inhibition.
Nbm11 77 brazilian journal of chemical engineering vol. Pdf recent advances in the biodegradation of phenol. Green algae may, therefore, represent an alternative to other biological treatment used for the biodegradation of phenol containing wastewaters. Phenol is readily absorbed following inhalation, ingestion and dermal exposure, resulting in systemic toxicity. The rate of biodegradation of phenol by klebsiella oxytoca strain was studied.
Sustainable biodegradation of phenol by acinetobacter. As conventional haldane model could not explain the biomass growth observed after phenol exhaustion, a model based on the production and later consumption of an inhibitory metabolic intermediate was. Individual or synchronous biodegradation of dinbutyl. Three types of microorganism isolated from a mixed population of activated sludge adapted to phenol. Biodegradation of high amounts of phenol, catechol, 2,4. Considering the high potential of this strain for phenol degradation, determining the optimal conditions for the biodegradation and its efficacy at high concentrations of phenol, the findings in. The management of wastewater containing high concentrations of phenols represents major economical and environmental challenges to most industries. Phenol accounts for a large proportion of the contamination in industrial wastewater discharged from chemical plants due to its wide use as a raw chemical. Ten fronds of the duckweedp23 prepared as described above were transferred into a 100ml.
To illustrate the biodegradation interactions between phenol and dbp, mmbased media amended with 700 mgl phenol and 800 mgl dbp final concentration, individually or synchronously, were used to investigate the degradation abilities of the strain dp2. Usually, phenol degradation is carried out by physicochemical methods that are. The removal rates of phenol were above 75% at the initial phenol concentration ranging from 500 to 1100 mgl. In mixture experiments, the rate of consumption of one substrate was found to be. Biodegradation of phenol by native microorganisms isolated. Department of chemical engineering biotechnology, college of engineering, andhra university, visakhapantam 530 003, andhra pradesh, india. Phenol biodegradation at a higher concentration of mg l 1 was studied for another member of the genus pseudomonadaceae 21. Biodegradation of phenol by native microorganisms isolated from coke processing wastewater s. This study describes about the sources of phenol, adverse effects on the environment, microorganisms involved in the biodegradation aerobic and anaerobic and enzymes that polymerize phenol. Exposure to phenol may occur from the use of some medicinal products including throat lozenges and ointments. Whiterot fungi demonstrate first biodegradation of.
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